Please get immediate medical attention if you are bitten by any wildlife.

 

 

 

Overview
Rabies is an often deadly viral infection that is mainly spread by infected animals.
Symptoms
The actual time between infection and when you get sick (called the "incubation period") ranges from 10 days - 7 years. The average incubation period is 3 - 7 weeks.

Symptoms may include:

•Anxiety, stress, and tension
•Drooling
•Convulsions
•Exaggerated sensation at the bite site
•Excitability
•Loss of feeling in an area of the body
•Loss of muscle function
•Low-grade fever (102 degrees F or lower)
•Muscle spasms
•Numbness and tingling
•Pain at the site of the bite
•Restlessness
•Swallowing difficulty (drinking causes spasms of the voicebox)
Treatment
Clean the wound well with soap and water, and seek professional medical help. You'll need a doctor to thoroughly clean the wound and remove any foreign objects. Most of the time, stitches should not be used for animal bite wounds.

If there is any risk of rabies, you will be given a series of a preventive vaccine. This is generally given in five doses over 28 days.

Most patients also receive a treatment called human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG). This is given the day the bite occured.

There is no known effective treatment for people with symptoms of a rabies infection.
Causes
Rabies is spread by infected saliva that enters the body through a bite or broken skin. The virus travels from the wound to the brain, where it causes swelling, or inflammation. This inflammation leads to symptoms of the disease. Most rabies deaths occur in children.

In the past, human cases in the United States usually resulted from a dog bite, but recently, more cases of human rabies have been linked to bats and raccoons. Although dog bites are a common cause of rabies in developing countries, there have been no reports of rabies caused by dog bites in the United States for a number of years due to widespread animal vaccination.

Other wild animals that can spread the rabies virus include:

•Foxes
•Skunks
Very rarely, rabies has been transmitted without an actual bite. This is believed to have been caused by infected saliva that has gotten into the air.

Prevention
To help prevent rabies:

•Avoid contact with animals you don't know.
•Get vaccinated if you work in a high-risk occupation or travel to countries with a high rate of rabies.
•Make sure your pets receive the proper immunizations. Dogs and cats should get rabies vaccines by 4 months of age, followed by a booster shot 1 year later, and another one every 1 or 3 years, depending on the type of vaccine used.
•Follow quarantine regulations on importing dogs and other mammals in disease-free countries.
Complications
Untreated, rabies can lead to coma and death.

In rare cases, some people may have an allergic reaction to the rabies vaccine.
When to contact a doctor
Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if an animal bites you.

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